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{"id":814,"date":"2021-06-15T18:59:53","date_gmt":"2021-06-15T23:59:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.conservamospornaturaleza.org\/rioslibres\/?post_type=razones&p=814"},"modified":"2021-07-01T12:05:16","modified_gmt":"2021-07-01T17:05:16","slug":"fuentes-gases-efecto-invernadero","status":"publish","type":"razones","link":"https:\/\/www.conservamospornaturaleza.org\/rioslibres\/razones\/fuentes-gases-efecto-invernadero\/","title":{"rendered":"FUENTE DE GASES DE EFECTO INVERNADERO"},"content":{"rendered":"

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6<\/p>\n<\/div>

FUENTE DE GASES DE EFECTO INVERNADERO<\/p>\n<\/div>

Las megarrepresas en zonas tropicales no son generadoras de energ\u00eda limpia, emiten millones de toneladas de gases de efecto invernadero.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>

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Las represas suelen ser promocionadas como generadoras de energ\u00eda limpia. Sin embargo, estudios cient\u00edficos como el de Gunkel, realizado en el 2009, advirtieron que las represas en zonas tropicales son una gran fuente de gases de efecto invernadero, que superan incluso el impacto de combustibles f\u00f3siles como el petr\u00f3leo. Las represas generan la emisi\u00f3n de grandes cantidades de di\u00f3xido de carbono (CO2<\/sub>) y, a\u00fan peor, de metano (CH4<\/sub>), cuyo efecto para el calentamiento global es 86 veces peor que del CO2<\/sub>, de acuerdo a estimaciones hechas por Fearnside en el 2016. As\u00ed, la construcci\u00f3n de las represas Veracruz y Chad\u00edn 2 ir\u00eda en contra de los compromisos internacionales del Per\u00fa para enfrentar la crisis clim\u00e1tica.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>

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El efecto invernadero, las energ\u00edas renovables y el calentamiento global est\u00e1n estrechamente vinculados, as\u00ed lo explica este video de Date un voltio.<\/p>\n<\/div>

Fearnside y Pueyo explican, en un estudio realizado en el 2012, que las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero se generan principalmente por dos v\u00edas. Primero, como consecuencia de la inundaci\u00f3n inicial del embalse: se libera sobre todo CO2<\/sub>\u00a0producto de la muerte y descomposici\u00f3n de \u00e1rboles y otros tipos de vegetaci\u00f3n, as\u00ed como de la materia org\u00e1nica contenida en el suelo. Segundo, como resultado del propio dise\u00f1o y funcionamiento de la represa: se emiten grandes cantidades de metano. El metano se produce por la descomposici\u00f3n de la vegetaci\u00f3n en las partes profundas del embalse en condiciones an\u00f3xicas.<\/p>\n

Posteriormente, todo el metano generado en ausencia de ox\u00edgeno y mantenido al fondo de la represa es liberado a trav\u00e9s de las turbinas. Esta forma de liberaci\u00f3n de metano no suele incluirse en las proyecciones de emisiones del proyecto de represa, lo que da una falsa imagen positiva. Los cient\u00edficos encontraron que hasta un 90 % de las emisiones de metano se generan r\u00edo abajo.<\/p>\n<\/div>

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